I certainly can relate to the feeling of boredom. Personally, I often think of the boredom as a form of emptiness or lack of meaning/purpose. Suddenly, it's like nothing really matters anymore, nothing seems interesting, etc. I think it's a terrible feeling and it just hits so hard all of a sudden. That's probably why I sometimes consider them a part of my BPD mood swings.
I have a few thing I like to do in a day, at the moment these include reading, solving crosswords, listening to the radio/songs I like, and doing exercise, currently the latter consists of swimming in the local indoor pool and walking. So far, swimming hasn't become boring yet (maybe because I just started doing it this week

), but it's physically challenging so of course it affords some self-motivation. So let's just take the crosswords as an example, I might suddenly find myself wondering, "why am I doing this, it's boring right?". And then I'm stuck in that painful situation of having to come up with something else to do - which isn't just laying down to sleep and make time pass without having to think or feel anything (though this is often my go-to solution

)
Also, I often think of new hobbies I'd like to engage in or things I should be doing the next day, errands I should be running etc., but somehow I often fail doing these...
In your post, you describe getting so caught up in certain activities that you can't do anything else, until they become boring. May I ask what these activities consisted of?
Have you ever thought of making a daily plan for yourself? I often think of this myself, you know, making a plan for each day by writing down what to do, when etc., so I have a structure to follow and sort of like a "security net" that can catch me once everything turns boring and grey and meaningless.