Esquire wrote:This is a very interesting article. I do have to quibble a bit with the way the author is lumping together Malignant NPD and "grandiose" NPD as one single subtype. I actually think the two need to be divided. An overt, grandiose Narcissist is definitely its own subtype, probably comprising the majority of persons with NPD, and probably includes Narcissists who build their sense of self on their professional accomplishments and intellectual works, like professors, writers, actors, etc, and those that build their sense of self on their sexual conquests as well (and those groups aren't necessarily mutually exclusive).
I personally believe though that Malignant NPD is its own "thing" and is basically comprised of a very small percentage of Narcissists who have overlapping traits with Paranoid PD and with primary psychopathy (the non-criminal aspects of AsPD, like need for control, sadism, and a limited emotional range). Also, Malignant NPD seems to be a disorder where one's sense of self is built primarily on the acquisition of power, as opposed to solely cerebral or somatic accomplishments, and where the Narcissist underneath feels powerless and thus is constantly trying to become more powerful, thus protecting the vulnerable Self behind the mask and preventing any damage to the Self by the world around it, which the Malignant N perceives as hostile due to his paranoia.
Like all Narcissists, I think that the Malignant Narcissist is someone who truly wants to be loved by others and form a bond with others, but is unable to, and who is highly sensitive to criticism and challenges. Malignant Narcissists are probably drawn to leadership roles due to their twin needs for power and control and for a fan base.
It looks like they've actually made this distinction, unlike most, if not all, other researchers. In the beginning they acknowledge the usual dichotomy of subtypes, but further in they actually propose
three subtypes. I think they just unwisely applied a different term to what is often called a grandiose narcissist:
high-functioning/exhibitionistic narcissist. I think they should have just stuck with "malignant."
"Grandiose/malignant narcissists exploit others with little regard for their welfare, and (unlike other narcissistic patients) their grandiosity appears to be primary rather than defensive or compensatory. [...] High-functioning/exhibitionistic narcissists are grandiose, competitive, attention seeking, and sexually seductive or provocative, and also have significant psychological strengths (e.g. being articulate, energetic, interpersonally comfortable, achievement oriented)."
They list more qualities for each subtype in the Q-factor analysis on page 1477.
I think I'm starting to view malignant narcissism and antisocial personality disorder as extremes on a continuum of grandiosity concurrent with antisocial behavior.