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Symptoms and Origin:
DID develops almost exclusively in children 7 or under, but onset can range up to around 9 years infrequently. DID develops when a child still lacking in concrete identity undergoes extreme repeated trauma. Naturally dissociating, the child in pain replaces their self image with that of another, substituting another better suited to withstanding pain. Memories become fragmented to protect the core personality, who may not be made aware of abuse until later in life. These created personalities, or alters, may assume control separately or together. Because of the nature of this disorder, to protect a young child from pain and negative memories, many are not aware they have this disorder until later in life. Alters are made to protect a hurt child. Repeated and extreme trauma is necessary for DID to develop, usually alongside severe emotional manipulation. New alters can be formed after the initial development when new trauma or large life struggles come up that no preexisting alter is capable of dealing with.
Symptoms of DID are widely varied. The primary symptom of DID is dissociation- a term that is used to describe the severe and chronic disconnection from reality. This can include lapses in memory, “fuzzy” or “blurry” feelings or perceptions of the world, loose or absent sense of self, difficulties making coordinated movements, etc. Dissociation takes many forms. Significant amnesia is required to make a diagnosis of DID, and with many disorders, a significant impairment in normal life functioning must be present.
Always includes: dissociation, amnesia, separate personality states
Usually includes: headaches/body aches/other physical unexplained symptoms, handwriting/voice/typing differences, ease of hypnosis/meditation, mood swings, depression, anxiety, poor eyesight or hearing
Can sometimes include: hearing voices, other hallucinations, inconsistent allergies
People with DID are often diagnosed with other mental illnesses comorbidly.
How To Be A Friend To Someone With DID
Whether your friend has just told you they have DID, or you’ve known for a long time, there are right and wrong ways to approach situations with them. Talk to your friend for specifics about them, this absolutely won’t apply to everyone but is a good place to start!
-Treat them like a human, like a person worthy of respect. Never ridicule, sensationalize, or dehumanize them.
-Understand that severe early childhood trauma causes DID, and that it’s likely not appropriate to ask for any details. Don’t press your friend for information, but be available to listen if you can.
-Understand that switching alters is often difficult to detect and you may not be able to distinguish them. Talk to your friend for specifics on how you should react.
-Know that dissociation is at the core of DID, and your friend will likely experience confusion, memory issues, and other dissociative symptoms. These are also not okay to mock and it is never okay to take advantage of these symptoms.
-As with any friend, know that you are entitled to time to yourself and space. People with DID have suffered through far more than anyone should have to, and may come across as “negative.” Support and care for them! Know that you should also be supported and that it’s okay to have space when you need it.
-Someone pointed out also that you shouldn’t assume you have the same friendship with all members of the system. Your friend may seem very distant or not remember things about you; please do not take offense to this. You can definitely try to befriend the entire system, but recognize that they are all complex individuals and you will likely have very mixed results.
Communication is the most important thing!
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