AngelTears wrote:twistednerve wrote:In my opinion, biologically speaking, BPD and ASPD, as NPD and HPD, are part of the same disorder.
They all have several common traits, differing here and there and often an individual will have traits of all of them depending on where and when they are in their lives.
Have you read the DSM IV?
The human mind is so complex. One pwBPD is going to be different than another diagnosed pwBPD. There is so much to take into consideration with a
particular personality disorder. According to the DSM IV, there are different types of BPD. And even then, you have to take the person's personality into account. Personality disorders may be biological but they can also be environmental.
Charles Manson is thought to have ASPD. Some have even suggested he also has Schizophrenia and is Bipolar. But I have never come across any information that suggests he has BPD.
I agree with you. The DSM isn't accurate at all when it comes to pinpoint an actual disorder, "biologically, causally" speaking. It describes symptoms and puts it on clusters under labels when these symptoms tend to co-occur. But until better research comes out and we find tests, we're still trying to pinpoint what's wrong with a computer by observing from the outside the erratic behavior of the operational system. Really lame.
Most people present symptoms of many different disorders, usually. The DSM just teaches people/doctors what to try to spot. Doesn't mean anyone will be 100% of this or that. You could estimate most people fall under 40% of at least 3 different disorders.
Does it mean said person has all disorders? Biologically and causally speaking? Maybe yes... Or maybe not.
Mental illness has that "domino effect", specially when left untreated for many years. Have you seen studies of the damage mania can cause to the brain? Stress from depression and anxiety are like dipping your brain in a bowl of toxic sludge, too. One afflicted system messes with the other, or actually damages other stuff on the long run.
And there are wrong diagnosis and "label happy" clinicians that only take into account scattered details and put the whole, entire, huge label on the patient. I see that happening way more often in the USA as of late than it used to be according to doctors I've met here who studies there for a period of time a few decades ago. Here in Brazil, most experienced psychiatrists are approach mainly symptoms and really think is pointless for a patient to know if he has a disorder or not, most of the times, as 100%ers are rare.
Example of bad diagnosis:
Someone has a diagnosis of Depression, Anxiety, BPD, ASPD and OCD, in all reality this person can just have "something" more bipolarish and all the rest are being wrongfully attributed to something else bipolar is triggering. So, even with syptoms from many disorders, this specific individual might have just one. After all, mania often causes anxiety. Anxiety usually causes OCD. The rapid mood swings could be just bipolar, and not BPD. Mania also comes with psychosis often. Why is this person was diagnosed ASPD? Oh yeah, he was in a mixed state and vandalized several places in his community out of revenge for some quasi-psychotic reason, but this guy remained perfectly articulate and showed strong signs of anger and no remorse - it's very common for manics to behave with anger and no empathy.
But then some more intuitive psychitrist who evaluated him thoroughly prescribes to this guy lamotrigine + lithium + low dose trifluoperazine combo, voilá, he gets much better. He guessed it had more of a bipolar nature to it. If this guy kept being diagnosed as the first mentioned above, he would most likely kept being prescribed "mainly" psychotherapy, antidepressants, antidepressants and benzos. These medications can help anxiety, OCD, impulsive behavior and the depression briefly, but they will come back with a vengeance if a person, biologically speaking, is bipolar spectrum.
"Disordered" personalities can be environmental, I agree. however, those aren't, I think. They repeat itself since early childhood across many different human populations and are so alike. Many other things point to personality disorders being caused by hormonal problems since birth being the culprit - we won't know this for a few decades or more, I believe.
Although I do agree the brain can certainly be conditioned to behave such as them and "normal" people can have those behaviors of course. We're not all very different. I don't think we have a very ample range of behaviors and feelings... "We can arrange new music, but the instruments don't change much", so to speak.
If I sounded contradictory in this post - I am. I do agree very much with you regarding that an individual is so unique, that no matter what diagnosis he has, it wil most likely be different from someone else "as a whole". And more likely to respond differently to treatment, specially when it comes to medication. A person can take, say, alprazolam and feel sleepy, lethargic and depressed. Another can take it and feel chatty, agitated and super happy. Possibilities are endless, I'm glad we have so many options.
However, I don't believe we humans differ thaaaat much on what we CAN feel and do. And I think psychiatry is doing a good job at grouping clusters of symptoms into labels, to help guide them to better treatment. Although, in my opinion DSM V sucked immensely. This might sound stupid, but I do believe this happened greatly because people are getting less and less intuitive and personable, and relying more on what data than gut feeling, observations and shared experience.
And I still say BPD, HPD, ASPD and NPD are all different manifestations of the same disorder, and one who has BPD, for example, more prominent, will exhibit core behaviors of any of the other 3 throughout his life. Not to mention the stuff they already share.
Cluster B is about psychopathy, and psychopaths aren't robots with no emotion - or maybe some are, maybe we're talking about distinct disorders.
Cluster Bs have emotions and actually are pretty intense. They also perceive others emotions QUITE well, usually. But they do a poor job actually regulating their own - they're more likely to hide it/pretend to feel something else. Actors (who, too often, believe their current part is real). And they disrespect other people's emotions and boundaries, by attacking or manipulating.
So the main thing you should spot on these people is a pervasive and frequent lack of empathy and disregard for other people's boundaries and emotions, which can manifest itself in several ways. AND difficulty in regulating their own emotions. This can be tricky, as on the outside that often isn't apparent. "Acting" is very much innate to many of these people.
And there's the inflexibility of personality: most people adapt to their environment and other people around them mostly unconsciouslly, creating harmony. PDs have a severe difficulty not repeat the same behaviors and be more likely to demand/impose their pre-existent needs and opinions in a way that can subtle but more severe than the regular individual.
Without the lack of empathy, weak identity, inflexibility of personality and "most often under the surface" dysregulation of emotion being there, I wouldn't label a person with a Cluster B disorder.