Why is it 1g/mol and not something else? Does it ever change (seeing as it´s called "constant", I´d guess it doesn´t, but what point is there in multiplying anything with 1, could just as well leave that part out)?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_mass_constantThe molar mass constant is important in writing dimensionally correct equations.
How?
Sigh.
Well, from wikipedia:
We know that PV=nRT. (n = number of moles, R = the ideal gas constant, T = temperature, P = pressure, V = volume)
We know that density of vapor p = nM/V, (M is molar mass of the gas)
From this we get that V = nM/p
Combine the two. We get that P(nM/p) = nRT -> M = pnRT/(PM) = pRT/P.
So if you know the density, temperature and pressure of the gas, you get the molar mass.
Which parts of the table are relevant for the elements´ weight?
The relevant parts.
ie. the weights. They should be given.
"Insanity is doing the same thing over and over again but expecting different results."
Rita Mae Brown
A cliché, but a good one.