"Humans are nothing more than machines that, at some point, came to believe they are somebody"
~ Rob Kauffmann
"People will do anything, no matter how absurd, in order to avoid facing their own Soul."
~ C.G. Jung
I've done extensive research on human psychology, and came to the conclusion that there are no such things as madness or mental illness, they're just different states of neural function, the only true mental pathology is that which is caused by physiological damage or malfunctioning.
How do we even come to define mental illness to begin with? For example, take a child that demonstrates an active behavior and constant reluctancy to settle down or pay heed to adults' orders. In most developed countries, this kind of behavior has been put under the light of mental illness as "hyperactivity". Now, we label the child as dysfunctional, and come to turn such an intrinsic aspect of it's personality against him, making it a source of frustration, angst and anxiety. If he is teased or chastised or constantly harassed (its not necessary to be aggressive interaction) enough, he's gonna develop what we call, a "complex", where the kid will be so afraid and anxious to show such behavior, due to previous, traumatic expiriences, that will be constantly on guard of harassment or potential harassment.
I define anxiety as the capability of an individual to predict undisirable situations and is not immediately capable of avoiding, facing or fixing them. Or more succintly, a person sees a problem or a potential problem that will affect him, but the solution to it is uncertain. Fear replaces anxiety when the percieved danger is present or expected to be imminent or very likely to present itself.
We feel fear and anxiety ALL the time, in such short intervals that were never aware of it, thats because we think far faster than we are aware of, and just because most mental and neural processing isnt translated into verbal language, doesnt mean its not there. So we wander civilization, constantly calculating appropriate behavior, and being very rigidly suppressed by our own mind, our unconscious mind.
This speaks volumes of how vastly relative, human thought, culture and reaction to it, can be, and how our brains go to immense lengths to calibrate our senses and interpetation of social stimuli to operate within a society:
What do we call a person who kills someone in a society? a murderer, and we punish and sometimes do so by killing, but what do we call the very same person who kills thousands in a war? a hero, and we reward with the medal of honor. (And I need to stress the fact that this is a pronounced contrast)
"Inter arma silent leges"
Ancient latin for: "in times of war, the law goes silent"
Law and codes of conduct are vastly, if not completely, built upon social psychology, and thus, culture. Take for example that ancient goths, vicigoths and ostrogoths believed that kings were to rule by nature, and that a man under his rule that "severed" their subordination to him was considered unnatural and deviant, just as our kid with hyperactivity. And this, as many other cases, is another example of culture-born, anxiety and stress, and how we come to view and prescribe "mental illness".
Even behaviors that are labelled as the worst and most condemndable are not subject to a "universal" interpretation. Take for example, bestiality or cannibalism. There are and have been entire societies that exercise(d) cannibalism, yet it's individuals are not subject to the same social treatment nor do they exihibit, even remotely, the anxiety, angst or remorse that is expected to deeply disturb a "civilized" individual, since such behavior is, to put it briefly, accepted and even reinforced. Again, demonstrating relativity to psychology.
This may be exemplifiedd by a pair of words: "love war".
In its literal sense, it relates to the fact that most individuals will wear down psychologically by constant conflict, even if they remain physically unharmed. But then, there are the others, those who actually enjoy conflict, such persons that do feel psychologically indifferent or even invigorated by physical and/or non-physical conflict, and will or may pursue such situations. What is punishment for us, is reward for them.
Culturally we generally come to view such tendencies as psychotic, but the example speaks volumes of how relative is the source from which different people derive what we call "joy".
Hell, lets go even further. The flexibility of brain plasticity permits humans and even animals to develop personalities that are wholly of a different species (well of course, up to a point). Such is the case of Feral Childs, and this reveals a very interesting fact about homo sapiens: it is still very capable of attaining a mental state that is considered wholly animal, and coming to believe, they are an individual of such society, and this is called "adpoting surrogate personality", but the personality developed and constructed by the expirience and interaction with an animal society is no more surrogate than that which is acquired within most human societes. As the first quote says, we are literally machines that develop a world-view of itself and its sorroundings that is molded completely by learning. Culturally, we would label such individual as mad beyond recognition, but i stress it again, its only a mental state, a state that's akin to an different operative system.
If an individual deeply enjoyed murder or cannibalism, or beastiality or whatever act most cultures fiercely condemn, be it by verbal, physical, visual, concrete or abstract persecution and vexation, but having never come in contact with such resistance, then the individual would carry on their behavior, never associating it with potential anxiety, repression, stress or danger, or in a more simplistic way, never feeling bad about it. And, in a society, to avoid such behavior, we literally, mentally torture ourselves, as if our brain became our trainer, remembering what is socially rewarded and punished, and doing it itself, through grief and pleasure, to keep us in line.
So to conclude, stop weighting human thought against western culture, or any cutlure for that matter, it does little to aid us and does lots of hindering to our advancement of our understanding of the workings of what is nothing more than a biological processor.